Advent Of Europeans

Explanation

Papaya, pineapple, and guava were introduced in India by the Portuguese during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. These fruits were brought to India by the Portuguese traders and explorers who established trade routes with the country during that period. The introduction of these fruits had a significant impact on Indian agriculture and cuisine.

Explanation

Krishnadevaraya, a ruler of the Vijayanagara Empire during the 16th century, granted permission to the Portuguese to construct a fort at Bhatkal. This decision was part of the strategic alliances and trade agreements that the Vijayanagara Empire entered into with European powers during that period.

Explanation

Bahadur Shah, a ruler of medieval Gujarat, surrendered Diu to the Portuguese. This event took place in 1535, marking the beginning of Portuguese control over the strategic port of Diu. This surrender allowed the Portuguese to establish a stronghold in the region and expand their influence along the western coast of India.

Explanation

Alfonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate, establishing Portuguese control in the region. The English East India Company did establish a factory at Madras, but it was not on land leased from a representative of the Vijayanagara empire; instead, they acquired it through a grant from the local Nayak rulers.

Explanation

In the first quarter of the seventeenth century, the factory of the English East India Company was located in Broach. Broach was one of the early locations where the English East India Company established its trading post in India, marking the beginning of their presence in the region.

Explanation

St. Francis Xavier was indeed one of the founding members of the Jesuit Order. He died in Goa, where a church is dedicated to him. The Feast of St. Francis Xavier is celebrated annually in Goa, making statements 1 and 3 correct.

Explanation

In the educational institutions established during colonial rule in India, the correct pairs are: Sanskrit College at Benaras founded by Jonathan Duncan, not William Jones, and Fort William College established by Lord Wellesley, not his brother Arthur Wellesley. Therefore, the correct pair is Calcutta Madarsa with Warren Hastings.

Explanation

Jean-Baptiste Tavernier, a French traveler, extensively discussed the topic of diamonds and diamond mines in India. He traveled to India during the years 1640 and 1667, with a specific interest in diamonds due to his profession as a diamond merchant. During his visit, Tavernier made sure to explore several diamond mines located in India.

Explanation

In the context of Pondicherry, it is important to note that the Portuguese were the first European power to establish a presence there. Following them, the French became the second European power to occupy Pondicherry. Contrary to this, the English did not occupy Pondicherry. Therefore, the correct statement is that only the first statement, which mentions the Portuguese occupying Pondicherry, is accurate.

Explanation

During the reign of Jahangir, the English obtained permission to establish their inaugural factory in Surat. This authorization was granted through a farman issued by Jahangir in 1613, following a request made by James-I William Hawkins at his court. This marked the beginning of the East India Company's presence in Surat.

Explanation

In India, the initial telegraph connection was established between Kolkata and Diamond Harbour in 1850. Additionally, the first Export Processing Zone in the country was established in Kandla in 1965. Both these statements are correct, making option (c) - Both 1 and 2 - the correct answer.

Explanation

In the era of Jahangir, the English East India Company obtained permission to establish their inaugural factory in India at Surat in 1613 after William Hawkins visited the emperor's court and received official authorization in the form of a farman.

Explanation

The Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in India in 1498, followed by the English in 1599, the Dutch in 1602, and the French in 1664. The French were the last among these European powers to come to pre-independence India as traders.

Explanation

In 1612, Sir Thomas Roe met with the Mughal Emperor Jahangir to discuss a commercial treaty. The Emperor agreed to the proposal, and as a result, the English East India Company was permitted to establish trading posts in Surat. A factory was established there in the year 1613.

Explanation

The correct statement is option (b), which states that the Dutch defeated the Portuguese and constructed Fort Williams in modern Kochi. Initially, Kochi was a Portuguese colony before becoming a Dutch colony and eventually being taken over by the British.

Explanation

The battles fought in India in the 18th Century are listed in chronological order as follows: Battle of Ambur in 1749, Battle of Plassey in 1757, Battle of Wandiwash in 1760, and Battle of Buxar in 1764. The correct chronological order of these battles is (b) Battle of Ambur–Battle of Plassey–Battle of Wandiwash–Battle of Buxar.

Explanation

The Komagata Maru was a Japanese vessel that transported passengers from Singapore to Vancouver in 1914. It made a stop at Calcutta during its journey.

Explanation

In the history of European powers entering India, one of the statements is inaccurate. The correct option is that the Portuguese captured Goa in 1510, not 1499.

Explanation

The Dutch East India Company set up their initial factory in Masulipattanam in 1605, and then established another one in Pulicat in 1610, making it their earliest factory location in India.

Explanation

Following the grant of Diwani in 1765, the British encountered the Khasis mountain tribe for the first time.

Explanation

Sir Thomas Roe visited the court of Jahangir as an ambassador of James I, the king of England. Tavernier's historical account mainly focuses on the reigns of Shahjahan and Aurangzeb, not Akbar.

Explanation

A Manigramam was a significant guild of South Indian merchants that operated during the reign of the Western Chalukyan rulers in the 10th to 12th centuries CE.

Explanation

This advertisement, which was the initial promotion of Indian cinema, was featured in the Times of India on the 7th of August in the year 1896.

Explanation

Dupleix took over as the French governor of Pondicherry after Dumas. His goal was to expand France's territories in India by forming alliances with Indian princes and embracing a lavish lifestyle.

Explanation

The Portuguese utilized Hooghly as a hub for piracy in the Bay of Bengal. They were eventually defeated by Qasim Khan, the governor of Bengal, during the reign of Shah Jahan in 1631-32.

Explanation

The Battle of Wandiwash in 1760 saw the French being defeated by the English. In the Battle of Buxar in 1764, the English under Munro emerged victorious against Mir Qasim, Shuja-ud-daula, and Shah Alam II.