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With reference to the religious history of India, consider the following statements: 1. Sthaviravadins belong to Mahayana Buddhism. 2. Lokottaravadin sect was an offshoot of Mahasanghika sect of Buddhism. 3. The deification of Buddha by Mahasanghikas fostered Mahayana Buddhism. Which of the statements given above are correct?
2020History
With reference to the religious history of India, consider the following statements: 1. Sthaviravadins belong to Mahayana Buddhism. 2. Lokottaravadin sect was an offshoot of Mahasanghika sect of Buddhism. 3. The deification of Buddha by Mahasanghikas fostered Mahayana Buddhism. Which of the statements given above are correct?
Explanation
In ancient India, the Fourth Council was held in Kashmir with Kanishka's support. This led to a split among Buddhists into two main sects: the Sarvastivadins and the Mahasanghikas, who together formed the Mahayanists. The Sthaviravadins and others became the Hinayanists. Therefore, the Sthaviravadins do not belong to Mahayana Buddhism. The Mahasanghikas gave rise to various sects, including the Lokottaravadins. This makes statement 2 correct and statement 1 incorrect. The correct answer is (b).