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Gandhian Era

Asked 11 times in UPSC Prelims · first asked 1995 · last asked 2025

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Consider the following statements in respect of the Non-Cooperation Movement: I. The Congress declared the attainment of 'Swaraj' by all legitimate and peaceful means to be its objective. II. It was to be implemented in stages with civil disobedience and non-payment of taxes for the next stage only if 'Swaraj' did not come within a year and the Government resorted to repression. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

2025History
AI only
BII only
CBoth I and II
DNeither I nor II

Explanation

The Non-Cooperation Movement aimed at achieving 'Swaraj' through legitimate and peaceful means, as declared by the Congress. It was planned to be implemented in stages, with civil disobedience and non-payment of taxes in the next stage if 'Swaraj' was not attained within a year and the Government resorted to repression.

'Sedition has become my religion' was the famous statement given by Gandhiji at the time of

2025History
Athe Champaran Satyagraha
Bpublicly violating Salt Law at Dandi
Cattending the Second Round Table Conference in London
Dthe launch of the Quit India Movement

Explanation

Gandhiji made the statement 'Sedition has become my religion' during the time when he publicly violated the Salt Law at Dandi. This act of civil disobedience was a significant event during the Salt Satyagraha, where Gandhiji marched to the Arabian Sea to make salt in defiance of the British salt monopoly, symbolizing resistance against unjust laws through nonviolent means.

Who of the following organized a march on the Tanjore coast to break the Salt Law in April 1930?

2015History
AV. O. Chidambaram Pillai
BC. Rajagopalachari
CK. Kamaraj
DAnnie Besant

Explanation

In April 1930, C. Rajagopalachari led a march from Trichinopoly to Vedaranniyam on the Tanjore coast to defy the Salt Law. This action was part of the Indian National Movement.

Mahatma Gandhi undertook fast unto death in 1932, mainly because

2012History
ARound Table Conference failed to satisfy Indian political aspirations
BCongress and Muslim League had differences of opinion
CRamsay Macdonald announced the Communal Award
DNone of the statements (a), (b) and (c) given above is correct in this context

Explanation

In 1932, Mahatma Gandhi went on a hunger strike to protest against Ramsay Macdonald's introduction of the Communal Award.

Mahatma Gandhi said that some of his deepest convictions were reflected in a book titled, 'Unto this Last' and the book transformed his life. What was the message from the book that transformed Mahatma Gandhi?

2011History
AUplifting the oppressed and poor is the moral responsibility of an educated man
BThe good of individual is contained in the good of all
CThe life of celibacy and spiritual pursuit are essential for a noble life
DAll the statements (a), (b) and (c) are correct in this context

Explanation

Mahatma Gandhi was deeply influenced by the book 'Unto this Last', which led to a transformation in his life. The message from the book that resonated with Gandhi and inspired him to translate it into 'Sarvodaya' was that the good of the individual is interconnected with the good of all.

Which one of the following began with the Dandi March?

2009History
AHome Rule Movement
BNon-Cooperation Movement
CCivil Disobedience Movement
DQuit India Movement

Explanation

The Dandi March, initiated by Gandhi on March 12, 1930, involved a journey from the Sabarmati Ashram with 72 individuals and concluded in Dandi on April 6, 1930. Gandhi's act of breaking the salt law during this event marked a significant moment in the Indian National Movement.

Who among the following Gandhian followers was a teacher by profession?

2008History
AAN Sinha
BBraj Kishore Prasad
CJ B Kriplani
DRajendra Prasad

Explanation

After completing his studies at Fergusson College in Pune, J B Kriplani served as a teacher before becoming involved in the independence movement. He taught English and History as a professor.

At which Congress session was the working committee authorised to launch a programme of Civil Disobedience?

2005History
ABombay
BLahore
CLucknow
DTripura

Explanation

During the Lahore session of the Congress in 1929, with J.L. Nehru as the President, the working committee was given the authority to initiate a Civil Disobedience program.

After returning from South Africa, Gandhiji launched his first successful satyagraha in:

2000History
AChauri-Chaura
BDandi
CChamparan
DBardoli

Explanation

After Gandhi's return from South Africa in 1915, he initiated his first victorious satyagraha in Champaran, Bihar in 1917. This protest was directed against the indigo planters, at the behest of Raj Kumar Shukla.

Assertion (A): Gandhi stopped the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922. Reason (R): Violence at Chauri-Chaura led him to stop the movement.

1998History
ABoth A and R are true but R is the correct explanation of A.
BBoth A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
CA is true but R is false
DA is false but R is true

Explanation

In 1920, Gandhi initiated the Non-Cooperation Movement, which gained momentum until February 1922. However, the violent incident at Chauri-Chaura in the Gorakhpur district of Uttar Pradesh on February 5, 1922, where peasants attacked a local police station, prompted Gandhi to halt the movement.

In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi started Civil Disobedience Movement from:

1995History
ASevagram
BDandi
CSabarmati
DWardha

Explanation

In 1930, Mahatma Gandhi initiated the Civil Disobedience Movement by embarking on the Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram in Gujarat on 12 March. He arrived in Dandi on 6 April and symbolically broke the salt law.