Information Technology

Explanation

Majorana 1 chip is a technology that is expected to advance quantum computing due to its potential for topological quantum computing. Deep learning is a subset of machine learning, focusing on neural networks with multiple layers to learn complex patterns. Amazon Web Services (AWS) is not associated with the development of Majorana 1 chip.

Explanation

The AI Action Summit held in Grand Palais, Paris in February 2025 was co-chaired with India and built on the advances made at the Bletchley Park Summit held in 2023 and the Seoul Summit held in 2024. This makes the first statement correct. The second statement about the US and UK signing the declaration on inclusive and sustainable AI is not mentioned in the explanation, making it incorrect.

Explanation

A metaverse refers to an interoperable network of 3D virtual worlds where millions of users can simultaneously interact and exert property rights over virtual items. This concept has gained popularity with the advancement of technology and the increasing integration of virtual and real-world experiences.

Explanation

Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs) are unique cryptographic tokens that exist on a blockchain, making them distinguishable from one another. They are not interchangeable like cryptocurrencies. NFTs can represent digital assets, such as digital art or collectibles, but not physical assets.

Explanation

Aarogya Setu, CoWIN, DigiLocker, and DIKSHA are all built on open-source digital platforms. Open-source platforms allow for transparency, collaboration, and customization of software applications. These platforms enable developers to access, modify, and improve the source code, leading to innovation and scalability in digital solutions.

Explanation

Web 3.0 technology focuses on decentralization, giving users more control over their data. This includes the ability to manage and share their data securely. Additionally, Web 3.0 allows for the development of blockchain-based social networks, where users can interact and transact without relying on a central authority. This shift towards user empowerment and collective operation distinguishes Web 3.0 from previous web iterations.

Explanation

Software as a Service (SaaS) allows buyers to customize the user interface and modify data fields according to their needs. SaaS users can conveniently access their data through various devices, including mobile devices. Services like Outlook Hotmail and Yahoo! Mail are examples of SaaS, providing users with email services over the internet.

Explanation

Closed-circuit Television, Radio Frequency Identification, and Wireless Local Area Network are all considered Short-Range devices/technologies due to their limited coverage area. Closed-circuit Television is used for surveillance within a confined space, Radio Frequency Identification is used for tracking items within a short distance, and Wireless Local Area Network provides connectivity within a limited area such as a home or office.

Explanation

In India, cyber insurance for individuals generally covers additional benefits beyond reimbursement for lost funds. These benefits include the cost of restoring a computer system affected by malware, the cost of a new computer if it is deliberately damaged, the cost of hiring a specialized consultant to minimize losses from cyber extortion, and the cost of legal defense if a third party files a lawsuit. The correct options are (b) 1, 3 and 4 only. It is important to note that the insurance firm will not provide coverage if the damage to the computer is caused by a personal enemy, neighbor's child, ex-husband, or ex-wife.

Explanation

In India, the term "Public Key Infrastructure" is related to digital security infrastructure. India has Digital Signature Legislation and uses digital signatures that rely on Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) technology.

Explanation

According to information from time.com and theverge, Artificial Intelligence can effectively create songs and stories, making option 2 correct. AI is also capable of assisting with speech-to-text, text-to-speech, and diagnostic solutions, supporting options 3 and 4. The correct answer is option (b) as only options 1, 3, and 4 are included in this choice.

Explanation

When comparing LTE and VoLTE in communication technologies, LTE is often promoted as 3G and VoLTE as advanced 3G in the market. The key distinction between the two is that LTE primarily focuses on data transmission, while VoLTE is specifically designed for voice communication. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option (d) Neither 1 nor 2. VoLTE enables operators to deliver voice and data services over a 4G LTE network, offering better call quality compared to traditional 3G and 2G networks due to the increased data capacity of 4G technology. This means that VoLTE is linked to 4G networks and supports both data and voice transmission, making both statements 1 and 2 incorrect.

Explanation

Virtual Reality (VR) involves creating simulated environments using computer-generated images that users experience through headsets, providing an immersive sensory experience. Augmented Reality (AR) overlays computer-generated images onto real-world environments, enhancing interactivity, often seen in mobile apps like Pokemon GO. Statement 2 is incorrect as it misrepresents VR. This rules out options A and C. Statement 3 accurately describes AR, making option B the correct answer.

Explanation

A digital signature is an electronic method used to verify the identity of the sender or signer of an electronic document, ensuring that the original content remains unchanged. The correct statement among the given options is the third one. The other statements pertain to Digital Signature Certificates (DSC), which is a distinct mechanism.

Explanation

Wearable technology devices, like smart watches, have the capability to locate a person through GPS, monitor their sleep patterns, and provide assistance to individuals with hearing impairments. These tasks are accomplished by wearable devices, making option (d) - 1, 2 and 3 - the correct choice. The validity of the third statement is supported by the recognition received by ReSound's LiNX 3D hearing aid at the Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas in February 2018.

Explanation

The terms 'Wanna Cry, Petya, and Eternal Blue' have been in the news lately and are associated with cybersecurity. WannaCry and Petya are types of ransomware, while EternalBlue is a software vulnerability found in Microsoft Windows.

Explanation

The Aadhaar identity platform offers open Application Programming Interfaces (APIs) that can be seamlessly incorporated into various electronic devices. These APIs facilitate online authentication through the use of fingerprint or iris scanning. The correct statements are both 1 and 2, indicating that it can be integrated into any electronic device and allows for online authentication using iris.

Explanation

In the scenario described, various electronic devices in your home and car are interconnected and communicate with each other through the internet to make your daily routines more convenient. This concept is known as the Internet of Things (IoT). The IoT involves connecting physical objects to the internet to enable them to exchange data and perform tasks. Examples include a smart bathroom mirror displaying weather and water levels, a refrigerator ordering groceries automatically, and a car providing traffic updates and sending messages. Therefore, the term most applicable to this situation is "Internet of Things" (b).

Explanation

Recently, terms like 'Wanna Cry', 'Petya', and 'Eternal Blue' have been making headlines in the news. These terms are all related to cybersecurity. 'Wanna Cry' is a ransomware that locks users' devices and demands payment to unlock them. Similarly, the 'Petya' worm spreads quickly through Windows networks and requires a ransom in bitcoin for decryption. 'Eternal Blue' refers to a software vulnerability in Microsoft Windows that allows ransomware to spread easily. Therefore, these terms are all connected to cyber attacks.

Explanation

According to the CERT Rules in India, service providers, data centres, and body corporates are legally required to report cyber security incidents within a reasonable timeframe. Therefore, the correct answer to the question is option (d), which includes all three entities - 1. service providers, 2. data centres, and 3. body corporates.

Explanation

DigiLocker is a digital storage system provided by the Government as part of the Digital India Programme. It enables users to access their electronic documents from anywhere, regardless of their physical location. The aim of DigiLocker is to reduce the reliance on physical documents and facilitate the sharing of e-documents among different organizations.

Explanation

Li-Fi is a new technology that uses light from LEDs to transmit data at high speeds, similar to Wi-Fi. It is a wireless communication technology that is faster than Wi-Fi. Li-Fi can achieve data transfer rates of up to 10 gigabytes per second. This means that both statements in the question are correct, as Li-Fi utilizes light for data transmission and is faster than Wi-Fi.

Explanation

Near Field Communication (NFC) Technology is a form of communication that allows two electronic devices to communicate wirelessly using electromagnetic radio fields. It is designed for close-range communication, typically within a few centimeters. NFC can also employ encryption to secure the transmission of sensitive information. The correct statements regarding NFC are that it is a contactless communication technology that uses electromagnetic radio fields (Statement 1) and that it can use encryption when sending sensitive information (Statement 3). Therefore, option (c) - 1 and 3 only, is the correct answer.

Explanation

Bluetooth devices use a 2.4 GHz radio frequency band to transmit data using low-power radio waves. On the other hand, Wi-Fi devices can operate on either the 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz frequency band.

Explanation

A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a technology that allows users to access their organization's network securely over a public internet connection. It creates a private network within a public network by using encryption and tunneling protocols to protect the transmitted information.

Explanation

BRIT (Board of Radiation and Isotope Technology), a unit under the Government of India's Department of Atomic Energy, is engaged in the manufacture of products based on radioisotopes.

Explanation

The individual credited with inventing the World Wide Web is Tim Berners-Lee.

Explanation

The Universal Product Code (UPC) is a type of barcode commonly used in various countries including the United States, Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. It helps in tracking trade items in stores.

Explanation

In this question, we are presented with three statements regarding technology. The first statement describes a smart card as a plastic card containing a microchip. The second statement suggests that digital technology is mainly used with modern communication mediums like satellites and fiber optics. The third statement defines a digital library as a collection of organized electronic documents accessible only through the internet. The correct statements are 1 and 2, making option (b) the correct choice.

Explanation

In the field of computing and telecommunications, memory in a computer is often measured in kilobytes or megabytes. A byte, the basic unit of digital information, typically comprises eight bits.